2021 PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS Meeting Our Moment

2021年总统致辞：把握我们的时刻

QUINETTA M. ROBERSON Michigan State University QUINETTA M. ROBERSON 密歇根州立大学

As the lead officer on the Academy of Management’s board of governors, which is accountable for conducting the organization’s activities in a manner that ensures accomplishment of its mission and objectives, the president has a range of duties and responsibilities. Because one of the most daunting of these responsibilities is to deliver a presidential address to the membership at the annual meeting, many in this role often begin ruminating over and preparing for their address well before it is necessary to do so. While I was no different in this regard, increasing disruption to key aspects of our profession, including the ways in which we engage in knowledge creation, dissemination, and application, suggested to me that a unique approach might be warranted. Accordingly, this address describes a qualitative analysis of Academy of Management presidential addresses over the past 25 years and directions for our future work as a community of scholars to engage our collective potential and leverage the disruption in order to advance management and organization science, improve work organizations, and inspire a better world. 作为管理学会理事会的主要负责人，该理事会负责以确保实现组织使命和目标的方式开展活动，校长肩负着一系列职责。由于其中一项最艰巨的职责是在年度会议上向会员发表主席致辞，因此担任这一职务的人往往会在有必要之前就开始思考和准备致辞内容。在这方面我也不例外，但我所在的专业领域关键方面受到的干扰日益增加，包括我们进行知识创造、传播和应用的方式，这让我意识到可能需要采取一种独特的方法。因此，本致辞描述了对过去25年管理学会主席致辞的定性分析，以及作为学者共同体，我们未来如何利用集体潜力并借助干扰来推进管理与组织科学、改善工作组织并启发更美好的世界的方向。

It is my esteemed honor and pleasure to speak to you as the President of the Academy of Management. As the “preeminent professional association for management and organization scholars” (Academy of Management, n.d.: para. 1), I appreciate you entrusting me with responsibility for leading the fulfillment of the Academy’s mission to “build a vibrant and supportive community of scholars by expanding opportunities to connect and explore ideas.” I am also grateful to have had an opportunity to collaborate with so many amazing members and volunteers to advance the impact of management and organization science on business and society worldwide. And, contrary to the apprehension expressed by some past presidents, I am excited to have this platform to talk to colleagues globally. I do, however, have an admission, which is that my excitement dampened a bit when we, the board of governors, had to make the tough decision to hold this year’s annual meeting virtually, in the interest of member safety and wellbeing. Like many of you, I was looking forward to seeing friends and colleagues and meeting new ones. Even more, I was looking forward to doing so in my hometown of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It should be noted that, if we were in-person, here is where we would cue the Fresh Prince of Bel-Air (Havens, 2013) theme music and I would start singing, “in North Philadelphia, born and raised, in the library is where I spent most of my days … " I was thrilled by the possibility of showcasing for all of you some of the great things about the place that is also called the “City of Brotherly Love” (Moore, 2016). Yet, because our physical meeting was not meant to be, I realized that this moment was meant to be about something more. 作为管理学会主席，我非常荣幸和高兴能在此与大家交流。正如“管理与组织学者的杰出专业协会”（管理学会，无日期：第1段）所描述的那样，我感谢大家信任我，让我负责领导学会使命的实现，即“通过扩大交流和探索思想的机会，建立一个充满活力和支持性的学者社区”。我也很感激有机会与许多杰出的会员和志愿者合作，推动管理与组织科学对全球商业和社会的影响。而且，与一些前任主席的担忧相反，我很高兴能有这个平台与全球的同事交流。不过，我必须承认，当我们理事会为了会员的安全和福祉，不得不做出艰难决定，将今年的年度会议改为线上举行时，我的兴奋感有所 diminished。和你们中的许多人一样，我期待着见到朋友和同事，结识新的伙伴。更重要的是，我期待着在我的家乡宾夕法尼亚州费城与大家相聚。需要指出的是，如果我们是线下聚会，这里就会响起《新鲜王子妙事多》（Havens, 2013）的主题曲，我会开始演唱：“在北费城出生长大，图书馆是我消磨时光的地方……”我很兴奋能向大家展示“兄弟之爱之城”（Moore, 2016）的一些美好之处。然而，由于我们无法进行线下会议，我意识到这个时刻的意义远不止于此。

To prepare for this address, I reflected on the narratives and themes of past presidents (Academy of Management, 2022). Actually, it may be somewhat inaccurate to represent my preparation as a simple reflection. I wanted to make a novel yet important contribution to the compendium of learning and insights generated by those who have come before me in this role as well as by researchers who have conducted related analyses (see Fouad, Helledy, & Metz, 2003; Huse, 2020). At the same time, I knew that, by focusing attention on what has historically been said by past Academy leaders, I could understand their approach to inspiring members, volunteers, the business community, and other key stakeholders. Therefore, I qualitatively analyzed presidential addresses over the past 25 years. For the methodologists, I used a grounded theory approach (see Glaser & Strauss, 1967) to review AOM presidential addresses from 1996 to 2020 for impressions and emergent ideas, group the raw data into first-order themes, and then consolidate those into second-order categories.1 为了准备这次演讲，我回顾了历任总统的讲话内容和主题（Academy of Management, 2022）。实际上，将我的准备工作简单描述为“回顾”可能有些不准确。我希望能为前任在这一职位上以及进行相关分析的研究者们（参见Fouad, Helledy, & Metz, 2003；Huse, 2020）所积累的知识和见解集，做出一种新颖且重要的贡献。同时，我明白，通过关注历任管理学会领导人历史上的言论，我可以理解他们激励会员、志愿者、商界以及其他关键利益相关者的方式。因此，我对过去25年的总统讲话进行了定性分析。对于方法论学者，我采用了扎根理论方法（Glaser & Strauss, 1967），回顾了1996年至2020年的AOM总统讲话，提炼其中的印象和新出现的观点，将原始数据归类为一阶主题，然后进一步整合为二阶类别。1

Three themes emerged from this analysis. The first theme was the state of our profession—or a consideration of ecological factors that influence our work and the impact of that work within academia, the business world, and society. For example, many presidents highlighted important environmental, technological, and sociopolitical trends and their influences on the nature of work. They have also drawn attention to societal events that have implications for employee well-being, work relationships, and organizational cultures. Beyond these broader aspects of context, past presidents have deliberated on the profession itself. They have commented on its globalization and diversification, and the subsequent impact on business education. Further, they have remarked on the value and consumption of our science, and a need to better engage the business world and close the researchpractice gap. 从这次分析中出现了三个主题。第一个主题是我们行业的现状——或者说是对影响我们工作的生态因素以及该工作在学术界、商业界和社会中的影响的考量。例如，许多会长强调了重要的环境、技术和社会政治趋势及其对工作性质的影响。他们还关注了对员工福祉、工作关系和组织文化有影响的社会事件。除了这些更广泛的背景方面，历任会长还讨论了该行业本身。他们评论了其全球化和多元化，以及由此对商业教育产生的影响。此外，他们还谈到了我们科学的价值和应用，以及需要更好地与商业界互动并缩小研究与实践之间的差距。

The second theme was our organizational identity— or that which is foundational and distinctive about who we are as the Academy of Management. For example, many presidents have highlighted our foundation as a community of business scholars and practitioners who value knowledge creation and application as well as our values for high-quality teaching, research, and practice in the field of management and organization. Others discussed initiatives and accomplishments that have fueled our growth and development as a professional association of more than 18,000 members, 26 divisions and interests groups, and an essential assortment of activity committees (see Academy of Management, 2020). Beyond the issue of who we are as an association, several presidents took a more temporal perspective and considered our identity in terms of who we should be. They advocated for an Academy that provides a dynamic and supportive community for all of our members, in which the full diversity of our backgrounds and experiences is welcomed and valued. They also called for stronger partnerships with stakeholders and others in the business community to advance the impact of management and organization science worldwide. 第二个主题是我们的组织身份——也就是作为管理学会（Academy of Management），我们的核心特质和独特之处。例如，许多会长都强调了我们作为商业学者和从业者社区的基础，这个社区重视知识的创造与应用，同时也重视在管理和组织领域内高质量的教学、研究和实践。其他人则讨论了推动我们作为一个拥有超过18,000名会员、26个分会和兴趣小组以及一系列重要活动委员会的专业协会发展壮大的举措和成就（见Academy of Management, 2020）。除了我们作为一个协会的身份问题，几位会长还从更具时间维度的视角出发，思考我们应该成为什么样的学会。他们倡导建立一个为所有会员提供充满活力和支持性的社区，在这个社区中，我们背景和经历的全部多样性都受到欢迎和重视。他们还呼吁与利益相关者以及商界其他人士建立更紧密的伙伴关系，以在全球范围内提升管理与组织科学的影响力。

The third emergent theme was the level of analysis at which past leaders focused their discussion. 第三个新兴主题是过去领导人在讨论中所聚焦的分析层面。

Some concentrated on the individual level of analysis, offering reflective commentary on their experiences and learnings in the role of President. Others have directed their attention to groups within the Academy, distinguishing between our various identities and affinities, such as members, volunteers, students, professors, divisions and interest groups, and executives. Still, almost all have ruminated at the organizational level of analysis, focusing on the Academy of Management as an association in a larger, global network of affiliates and associated societies. 一些人关注个体层面的分析，对自己担任主席角色的经历和心得进行反思性评论。另一些人则将注意力投向学院内部的群体，区分我们不同的身份和亲和力，例如成员、志愿者、学生、教授、部门和兴趣小组以及管理人员。尽管如此，几乎所有人都在组织层面进行了反思，将管理学会视为一个更大的全球附属机构和相关协会网络中的协会。

In summarizing these themes and developing the content for this Presidential Address, I surmised that I needed to discuss the state of our profession and our organizational identity, and to decide at what level of analysis to focus this discussion. Yet, we know that, when interpreting research findings, we have to consider them in context. Of the presidential addresses, all but one were delivered at our in-person annual meetings, often at the general session on a Sunday morning in a convention center or hotel ballroom to an audience of several hundred attendees (many of whom may or may not have been enticed by the all-Academy networking breakfast). They were delivered to audiences who had likely spent the majority of the academic year in classrooms teaching undergraduate and graduate students, discussing research in doctoral seminars, and attending research talks and public lectures. They referenced current research that had been collected in organizations, labs, and libraries, and was targeted for publication and print in the Academy’s journals. They were attended by academics who had received funding from their departments and schools to attend the annual meeting and facilitate their networking, visibility, and development. While I could go on drawing comparisons to then and now, I think my point is already obvious: we are in a different moment. 在总结这些主题并撰写本总统致辞的内容时，我推测自己需要讨论我们这一职业的现状和组织身份，并确定本次讨论的分析层面。然而，我们知道，在解读研究成果时，必须结合具体情境进行考量。在这些总统致辞中，除了一次以外，其余均在我们的线下年度会议上发表，通常是在周日上午的全体会议上，地点是会议中心或酒店宴会厅，听众有数百人（其中许多人可能是被学院主办的全学院交流早餐会吸引而来）。这些致辞的听众很可能在整个学年里都在教室中教授本科和研究生课程，在博士研讨会上讨论研究课题，并参加学术讲座和公开演讲。他们所引用的当前研究成果是在各类组织、实验室和图书馆中收集的，并且旨在发表和刊登在学院的期刊上。出席这些会议的学者们通常会从其所在院系和学校获得资金支持，以参加年度会议，从而促进他们的人脉拓展、知名度提升和职业发展。虽然我还可以继续对比过去与现在的情况，但我认为我的观点已经很明确了：我们正处于一个不同的时期。

While 1996 was the first year that the presidential address was published in the Academy of Management Review, it was also the first annual meeting that I attended. Interestingly, the conference theme was “Lessons from Unusual Events,” which I think is very relevant approximately 25 years later. Over the last 18 months, we have experienced unparalleled disruption to our work, our workplaces, and so many other aspects of our lives. We have had to make the abrupt shift to working from home and other physical spaces that may not have been designed to handle increased connectivity and bandwidth needs, unique and recurrent distractions, or the scrutiny of others. We have had to maintain expectations of productivity while our work-fromhome “colleagues” (many of whom needed our help with care, feeding, and other life functions) demanded our attention and energy. Despite having developed our teaching, advising, and mentoring skills within physical environments, we have had to transition to effectively performing these activities remotely and/or virtually. We have been expected to show up to classes and meetings engaged and ready to help our students navigate their struggles while dealing with our own personal issues of stress, loneliness, exhaustion, or even life-threatening illness. We have heard about and been invited to participate in university initiatives to foster greater equity and inclusion while still witnessing or experiencing workplace microaggressions and discrimination. We have been expected to conduct job searches, maintain educational quality, and continue meeting or exceeding performance standards amid budget cuts and uncertain financial futures. We have endeavored to continue contributing to and advancing management and organization science at a time when some have been openly questioning and debating the value of science to society. 虽然1996年是《管理学会评论》首次发表主席致辞的年份，但也是我参加的首届年会。有趣的是，当年的会议主题是“从异常事件中汲取教训”，我认为在大约25年后的今天，这个主题仍然非常具有现实意义。在过去18个月里，我们的工作、工作场所以及生活的诸多其他方面都遭受了前所未有的冲击。我们不得不突然转向居家办公和其他可能并未设计来满足更高连接性和带宽需求、独特且反复出现的干扰或他人审视的物理空间。我们不得不维持生产力预期，而我们的“居家同事”（其中许多人需要我们在照顾、生活照料和其他生活事务上提供帮助）却不断要求我们的关注和精力。尽管我们在物理环境中发展了教学、指导和指导技能，但我们不得不转变为有效地远程和/或虚拟地执行这些活动。我们被期望积极参与课堂和会议，随时准备帮助学生应对他们的困难，同时还要处理自己的压力、孤独、疲惫甚至危及生命的疾病等个人问题。我们听闻并受邀参与大学旨在促进更大公平与包容的倡议，却仍然目睹或经历职场微攻击和歧视。在预算削减和不确定的财务前景下，我们仍需进行求职、维持教育质量并继续达到或超越绩效标准。在有些人公开质疑和辩论科学对社会的价值之际，我们仍努力继续为管理与组织科学的发展做出贡献。

While the unusuality of the events over the past year cannot be adequately described or measured, there is a key lesson to be learned: this is our moment. At the juncture of our organizational identity and the state of the profession is this opportunity for us to show the world who we are as management and organization scientists and, more specifically, as the Academy of Management. As people strive to understand the effectiveness of country-specific initiatives to fight the pandemic, we have expertise in that area. While organizations attempt to demonstrate crisis leadership, we have expertise in that area. While the world is trying to understand the gig economy and alternative work arrangements, we have expertise in those areas. While people hollowly use terms like “open innovation,” “allyship,” “big data,” intersectionality,” digitalization,“mindfulness, neuro-entrepreneurship,” “antiracism,” and “sustainability,” we have expertise in those areas. And I know we have expertise in these areas because they are just a few of the many topics being discussed at this year’s annual meeting “Bringing the Manager Back in Management” (see Academy of Management, 2021). 尽管过去一年发生的事件的特殊性无法充分描述或衡量，但有一个关键教训值得吸取：这是我们的时刻。在我们的组织身份和该专业领域状态的交汇点上，我们有机会向世界展示我们作为管理与组织科学家，更具体地说，作为管理学会的真实面貌。当人们努力了解针对特定国家的抗疫举措的有效性时，我们在这方面拥有专业知识。当组织试图展现危机领导力时，我们在这方面拥有专业知识。当世界试图理解零工经济和替代性工作安排时，我们在这些领域拥有专业知识。当人们空洞地使用“开放式创新”、“盟友关系”、“大数据”、“交叉性”、“数字化”、“正念”、“神经创业”、“反种族主义”和“可持续性”等术语时，我们在这些领域拥有专业知识。我知道我们在这些领域拥有专业知识，因为它们只是今年年会“将管理者带回管理学”（见管理学会，2021）上讨论的众多话题中的几个。

I also know that the full combinative power of our unique expertise and talents is needed to meet this moment. As the program chair for our last physical meeting, which was held in 2019, I introduced the theme of “Understanding the Inclusive Organization,” which is an open system of opportunity in which all stakeholders have access to information, resources, and the capacity to fully contribute to their functioning (Ferdman, 2014; Mor Barak & Cherin, 1998; Roberson, 2006). Driven by broad participation and equity, inclusive systems align, value, and make full and meaningful use of individual differences and contributions. And this is what we have aspired to be. As noted by past president Tom Lee, who we recently lost, most contemporary issues in our global marketplace require a diverse skill set and multiple points of view for programmatic scholarship, which represents an opportunity to combine our strengths to shape the future (Lee, 2009). In effect, we have the opportunity to help address some of the world’s grand challenges and wicked problems. However, we need to recognize and utilize the kaleidoscope of strengths that make us the Academy of Management in order to seize this opportunity. We are tenure- and non-tenure track faculty, post docs, students at different stages of various types of doctoral programs, executives and practitioners who represent a range of geographies, cultures, identities, and lived experiences. And there is power in that diversity, if we can break our routines, step out of our comfort zones, and stretch ourselves. 我也知道，要应对当下的挑战，我们需要充分发挥自身独特专业知识和才能的综合力量。作为2019年上一次线下会议的会议主席，我提出了“理解包容性组织”这一主题。这是一个机会开放的系统，所有利益相关者都能获取信息、资源，并具备充分参与自身职能的能力（Ferdman, 2014；Mor Barak & Cherin, 1998；Roberson, 2006）。在广泛参与和平等的推动下，包容性系统能够整合、重视并充分且有意义地利用个体差异和贡献。这正是我们一直追求的目标。正如我们最近痛失的前任主席汤姆·李（Tom Lee）所言，当今全球市场的大多数复杂问题需要多元化的技能组合和多元视角来开展方案性研究，这为我们结合自身优势塑造未来提供了契机（Lee, 2009）。实际上，我们有机会帮助应对世界上一些重大挑战和棘手问题。然而，我们需要认识并利用那些使我们成为管理学会的多元优势——我们是终身教职和非终身教职的教员、博士后、处于不同阶段的各类博士项目学生，以及代表不同地域、文化、身份和生活经历的高管和从业者。如果我们能够打破常规、走出舒适区并挑战自我，这种多样性中蕴含着强大的力量。

While marshalling the collective power in our backgrounds and talents to enhance the world’s social and economic well-being may seem daunting, history proves that we can do it, given that it is what we have done for the last 18 months. So, let’s ride the disruption: 虽然调动我们各自背景和才能中的集体力量来提升世界的社会和经济福祉似乎令人生畏，但历史证明我们能够做到，因为这正是我们过去18个月一直在做的事情。所以，让我们顺应变革的浪潮：

Let us explore our differences and our similarities.
让我们探索我们的差异与相似之处。

Let us make new connections.
让我们建立新的联系。

• Let us reestablish old connections in a novel ways.
• 让我们以一种新颖的方式重新建立旧的联系。

• Let us engage authentically with others. Let us learn about and from others. Let us give people a chance to know who we are.
• 让我们真诚地与他人互动。让我们了解他人并向他人学习。让我们给人们一个机会去认识我们是谁。

− Let us amplify the voices and ideas of others. Let us strive for our net impact on others to be positive.
− 让我们放大他人的声音和想法。让我们努力使我们对他人的净影响是积极的。

o Let us strive for our net impact with others to be transformational.
让我们努力与他人共同产生变革性的净影响。

Let us move beyond our critiques and be the change we want to see. 让我们超越批评，成为我们希望看到的变革。

Some may question or critique this address for being a bit unconventional, and I would not disagree. Still, I can assure you that I understood the assignment. This address was neither hastily nor impetuously written, but is instead the product of a 25-year journey. Having begun my volunteer service in the Academy of Management as a second-year doctoral student on the planning committee of the New Doctoral Student Consortium, and then traversing through leadership roles within the Gender and Diversity in Organizations Division (including as treasurer, representative-at-large, professional development workshop [PDW] chair, program chair, and division chair), chair of the Diversity and Inclusion Theme Committee, late-night talk show host at the annual meetings, representative-at-large on the board of governors, and then vice-president-elect and PDW chair, vice-president and program chair, president-elect, and now president of the Academy of Management … I know what is possible. 有些人可能会质疑或批评这个致辞有些标新立异，对此我并不否认。不过，我可以向大家保证，我理解了这次的任务。这篇致辞并非仓促或冲动之下写成，而是我25年历程的成果。我从作为一名二年级博士生在管理学院参与新博士生联盟的规划委员会开始了我的志愿服务，之后在组织性别与多样性部门担任了多个领导职务（包括财务主管、无选区代表、专业发展研讨会[PDW]主席、项目主席和部门主席），多样性与包容性主题委员会主席，年度会议的深夜脱口秀主持人，理事会无选区代表，以及副主席当选人兼PDW主席、副主席兼项目主席、主席当选人，现在是管理学院的院长……我深知什么是可能的。

It is not lost on me that I have the rare opportunity to stand before you as the 76th president of the Academy of Management during a year in which the annual meeting was scheduled to take place in Philadelphia, where the United States Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. Or that, in that document, people who looked like me were not considered to be whole persons, yet, today, I have the distinct opportunity and privilege to serve as the presiding officer for the preeminent professional association for management and organization scholars across the world. Or that so many of you are putting your research into practice to help individuals, groups, organizations, and communities that have been impacted in unprecedented ways. Or that, during this time of ambiguity, mistrust, and general weariness, innumerable volunteers have enthusiastically and unselfishly offered their leadership, ideas, time, and energy to help the Academy of Management stay the course and remain operationally sustainable and member focused. It is because of this demonstrated commitment to inspiring and creating a better world through our scholarship and teaching about management and organizations, I can envisage what is possible. 我深知，在这一年，美国管理学会（Academy of Management）的年度会议原定在费城举行——1776年《美国独立宣言》在此签署——而我有幸作为第76任会长站在你们面前，这是何等难得的机会。我也清楚，在那份宣言中，与我外貌相似的人并不被视为完整的公民，然而今天，我却有幸以世界领先的管理与组织学者专业协会的主持者身份服务。我同样明白，在座的许多人正将研究付诸实践，以帮助那些遭受前所未有的影响的个人、群体、组织和社区。在这个充满不确定性、不信任与普遍疲惫的时代，无数志愿者热情无私地贡献领导力、智慧、时间和精力，确保管理学会能够稳步前行，保持运营可持续性并以会员为中心。正是因为我们通过对管理与组织的学术研究和教学，展现出致力于激励并创造更美好世界的坚定承诺，我才能展望未来的无限可能。

Still, the road ahead remains indeterminate, as the world experiences both grand challenges and critical advances in the midst of evolving multiplicity and augmented complexity. Now, more than ever, we need to use our capabilities and voices to navigate and understand these tensions, and to advance knowledge, teaching, and practice in ways that improve management and organizations and inform the future of work. Nevertheless, I am confident in our capacity to be transformative in these ways, given that the whole is something besides the parts (Aristotle; see Kenny, 2006), that it is in collectives that we find reservoirs of hope and optimism (Davis, 2016), and that this our moment. And I cannot wait to see what our shared future holds. Thank you. 尽管前路仍不明朗，但世界正面临重大挑战与关键进步，同时复杂性不断增加且多元性持续演变。如今，我们比以往任何时候都更需要运用自身能力和声音，去应对并理解这些矛盾，以推动知识、教学和实践的发展，从而改善管理和组织，并为未来的工作方向提供参考。尽管如此，我相信我们有能力以这些方式实现变革——因为整体大于部分之和（亚里士多德；见Kenny，2006），因为正是在集体中我们才能找到希望与乐观的源泉（Davis，2016），而这正是我们的时代。我迫不及待想看到我们共同的未来会怎样。谢谢。

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